Psychology 202 Hybrid

Psychology 202 is one of two courses that together introduce students to psychological science. At OSU, Psychology 202 meets Baccalaureate core and many other program requirements. The vast majority of Psychology 202 students are not Psychology majors. Typically enrollment is 250 per section, with 1 – 2 face-to-face and 1 online section offered each quarter. Different instructors teach this course differently. In face-to-face sections, I typically emphasize lecture, and grades are based on 4 multiple choice tests.

I had 3 goals in this re-design:

1) Provide opportunities for student engagement.

2) Improve students’ scientific thinking skills.

3) Better meet the needs of both high-achieving and struggling students.

I am working on this project with a group of Psychology majors. Here are some features of the course that are designed to help us meet these goals:

1) A range of optional online demonstrations, simulations, videos, etc. The Psych majors and I are working to create mini-reviews of these activities, helping Psy 202 students better choose activities that best meet their needs and interests.

2) Framing deeper questions. It’s easy to lose sight of the big questions in a large survey course, and too often the “big questions” in textbooks are not that interesting. (“What are the ethical guidelines that Psychologists must follow?”, asks one.) The Psych majors and I are working to create more intriguing questions. For example, one asked “Can you learn while you sleep?”. Turns out, that’s a great question. You can’ t just listen to a book on tape and remember what it said, but sleep is important in memory consolidation. We hope to use these questions to frame the list of online and in-class assignments.2

3) Adaptive quizzing. As part of a publisher-supplied supplement, these quizzes give students more points for harder questions, while providing more hints for students who struggle. These quizzes are designed to encourage reading, provide more practice for those who need it, and shortening the assignment for those who demonstrate mastery quickly.

 

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Hybrid course development: FOR 241 Dendrology

I am developing a hybrid version of FOR 241 Dendrology. Dendrology literally means “the study of trees.” During the course, students learn about tree taxonomy, morphology, and ecology and develop the skill of tree identification. FOR 241 Dendrology is a core course in several undergraduate degree programs in the College of Forestry and has an annual enrollment of about 80 students. The majority of students who enroll in FOR 241 are Forest Management or Forest Resource Management majors. They are generally interested in the subject of dendrology but anxious about their ability to identify trees from memory.

In the hybrid version of FOR 241, students will complete a 4-week online module that covers the material taught in dendrology lecture, namely the classification and taxonomy of forest trees of North America, structure and function of trees,  and the ecology of forest biomes. At the conclusion of the online module, students will travel to OSU to gear up for a 10 day field course module in native tree identification.  In the field course module, instructor(s) and students will travel to forested areas of Oregon. We will examine a wide diversity of Oregon trees in their native habitats while hiking, camping, and backpacking, and students will learn and practice the skill of tree identification in the field.

In the online module of the course, content will be delivered primarily in the form of brief PowerPoint slide presentations and reading assignments. An interactive dendrology CD, Woody Plants in North America, and online media such as timelines, time-lapse video, streamed video, and photo archives will be used to augment the slide presentations and to develop students’ observation skills and understanding of morphological variability, tree growth, and evolution.  Online class discussions will focus on characteristics used to distinguish closely related and morphologically similar species and genera. Student assessment will primarily take the form of online exams, though student will be required to make an online presentation on a native tree species of the Northwest.

The online course material is preparatory for the field course module. At the conclusion of the online course module, students will know the key characteristics of major forest genera and be able to identify trees to the genus level. However, steps will be taken to integrate the online and face-to-face components of the course. First, each student will be assigned a native tree species to research during the online module. They will present the results of their research online, probably on the course discussion board, during the final week of the module. Second, students will receive a list of species which they will be responsible for learning how to identify during the field course module. Links to species photos and information will be provided online, and students will be encouraged to explore some of this information, as well as the Woody Plants in North America CD, prior to the field course module.

 

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What tools have high potential for a Hybrid course?

There is a veritable plethora of tools “out there” that could be used for either the on-line or the classroom part of a hybrid course.  These tools can be used to create music, videos, blogs, text, simulations, and so on.  They can be used to take you around the world to look at geography, science, culture, art, technology, and so on.  And so on. And so on.

I am currently using Camtasia for making videos and Quip for electronic (smartphone/laptop) classroom interaction. I would be interested in seeing what types of things other people would like to do for presentation of material and what, if any, tools they have discovered to help them do that.

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peer to peer learning

I was spoiled as a young instructor.  I taught a health administration (MSPH) course online to students who had considerable experience in their fields, were often already leaders or tapped to become leaders, and came from an wide range of professional backgrounds (pharmacy, nursing, medicine, business, insurance…).  They learned a ton from one another, often spontaneously at first–I did not have to set up the course specifically to encourage interaction, they just did it because of the type of people they were.  But it helped cement the notion for me that facilitating peer learning can be one of the most important ways to achieve course goals.  (It has the added benefit in a professional program of cementing professional bonds and the culture of the profession.) In that setting, the peer learning arose spontaneously based on shared experiences, and was facilitated by course structure and activities.  I am going to use a similar approach in H100, but clearly the ‘shared experiences’ that will promote peer learning among students will be different.

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sages and stages

Most of us were taught to be sages on stages, and the role models who were pointed out to us as paragons of teaching epitomized that model (though the best were much more than that).  I think the ‘sage on stage’ vs ‘curator’ dichotomy is false; it makes for a smug and provocative article, but the best teachers I know have always combined the two functions, imparting knowledge in a personal venue in which the enthusiasm of the instructor was clear, and also providing students with the tools to evaluate data, results, claims, etc, on their own.  Good courses (at least in my field) have always had a strong curatorial component, it is just that the curatorial component is now broader, deeper, and multi-media–harder to manage, certainly, but in principle not that much different.

 

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More work?

After reading St. Germain’s pitfalls #3 and #5, I’m left with the same concern. It seems that with each clever teaching innovation comes more work. Being a sage on the stage is comfortable and efficient. I know what I know, I trust the sources of my information, and if I share this information, I know the students are learning good stuff. I don’t know everything there is to know about the subjects I teach, and I definitely don’t have time to research and evaluate all of the web resources that are available on the subjects I teach. I know many teachers just say, “Don’t trust Wikipedia.” and leave it at that. It’s not that simple (nor is Wikipedia a completely unreliable source of information). I give students guidelines for evaluating the quality of websites (though I would love to read through other instructor’s pointers on this…); nevertheless, I always have students citing blogs (Ha!), personal websites, and other non-peer reviewed sources of information.  My approach to this problem is a combination of a) letting students know if they are using incorrect information (if I know they are, which I can’t always know) and b) red-flagging the obviously unreliable sources, regardless of whether the information they provided was correct or not. Many websites and lots of “facts” fall through the cracks of this approach, but, as I said, I don’t have time to do much more.

Student-to-student learning is another time sink that I have not yet figured out how to manage. I used to have students critique each other’s work, but I quickly realized that I was doubling or even tripling my workload in the process. Instead of grading one document, now I was grading the original document and two or three critiques. I addition, I had to come back to the student author and let him or her know which critiques (even which points within each critique) were valuable and which were not. This is not to say that I haven’t seen excellent student-to-student and, for that matter, student-to-teacher information sharing. However, this knowledge sharing has been almost exclusively in fairly open and unstructured discussions and focused on life experiences, both work experiences and regional living experiences.  The online student body is incredibly diverse and rich with experience and knowledge, and I definitely try to tap into this resource in my online courses. The on-campus student body, for the most part, lacks this experience and depth.

I hate to be so bah-humbug about it all. I do want these ideas to work. Perhaps I just haven’t found the right approach. Hopefully, within our little group we can generate some effective and efficient ideas for redesigning the online classroom.

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Sage on Stage and Guide on the Side

I use both  “Sage on Stage” and“Guide on the Side” styles, depending on the class goals and setting.

It seems like students are more engaged, more active, and learning more when they are solving problems than when they are listening to a lecture. The data are not so clear. For example, among 8th graders learning math and science, those who received lecture-style direct instruction scored higher on standardized tests than did those who were solving problems in class (http://educationnext.org/sage-on-the-stage/ ).  Also, there is some evidence that instructors rush too quickly to higher level application and synthesis activities before students have had time to learn enough basic information (see, for example, Why Don’t Students Like School by Daniel Willingham). When it comes to most learning outcomes I have in Introductory Psychology, it seems to me that direct instruction is the way to go.

Two twists: First, humans, students included, do not always like to do those activities that are likely to help them learn. Sometimes, I use class time to engage and motivate, not to directly teach a concept.  Second, many of the online activities that I can “curate” for students are actually direct instruction modules, presented in a way that students find more engaging than traditional lecture.

I suspect the field is moving toward finding the best ways to integrate these two approaches.

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Hybrid Syllabus Hopes and Dreams

Hello hybrid people of Earth. I am blogging about the syllabus format and all the questions that come to mind. For instance, how can we take advantage of Blackboard’s abilities to display the syllabus and perhaps control when and how items are displayed. As I think about the course Steve and I will develop, I don’t want to scare off students with the combination of the hybrid technology PLUS the technical material we will cover in class. This is particularly important as we are attempting to attract non-science majors at a 300 level course. So, I am looking forward to: 1) learning more about Blackboards capabilities that enhance the user friendly nature of content and 2) control the timing of content release so they are not too overwhelmed in the beginning of the course.

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Pondering “sage on the stage” in a hybrid environment

According to Elizabeth St. Germain in Faculty Focus, one of the “Five Common Pitfalls of Online Course Design”  is insistence on being the “sage on the stage.” St. Germain writes:

“In the old model of education, the instructor stood on the podium and served as the students’ revered and primary access point to the desired knowledge. Today, your students may be Googling your lecture topic while you speak and finding three sources that update or improve upon your presentation. The Web provides instantaneous access to an enormous volume of opinions, commentary, and knowledge related to your topic. As a result, your role is now more of a content curator—the one who prunes and trains the branches that extend from your expertise out into the world. The Web enables interdisciplinary links, associations, relationships, and openness. Your course should be a place where students come to participate in the connections that can be made between your subject and the outside world. Build these bridges into your online course materials, and become a facilitator of these important connections.”

I found this comment to be particularly interesting in relation to the hybrid online/on-site effort in which I’m involved. Our hybrid course is a team process rather than the endeavor of an individual instructor. My role on the team is primarily to find and develop usable content for the course, the subject of which is agricultural biotechnology. So, in that sense, my role is entirely behind the scenes and not as the “face of the course,” so to speak. However, in our team meetings, my colleagues who will be the primary instructors have expressed concern that students somehow get to know who they are, and see their faces from time to time. This makes me aware of the possibility of a kind of identity crisis for instructors of online classes, especially if the class has previously been taught on-site only. Not only is online delivery asynchronous, it is more branched, as St. Germain put it. The delivery itself is from multiple sources, not from the instructor alone. At the same time, the instructor has the power to act as a filter, directing students to particular sources and discouraging others. In the case of a hybrid course, where some students are on-site and others are online, students enrolled in the online version may have an opportunity to see videos of instructors lecturing. In addition, instructors have the ability to give video feedback to individual students. It will be interesting to follow the development of hybrid courses over the next two terms and to observe how various instructors integrate their online and on-site personalities.

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Welcome!

This blog is intended for reflections of faculty in the 2012 OSU Hybrid Course Development Pilot Program, and all OSU Logo who would like to join in to comment on the topic of blended learning and the particular challenges of design and delivery of hybrid courses.  You’re welcome to join in this dialogue!

 

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