Gaining New Strength Out On the Estuary

The lab group and I have accomplished a great number of things this past week on the nutrient uptake research project here at the EPA. We traveled to the Salmon River and the Tillamook Bay estuaries where we carried out our experiments. At each study location we set up six chambers like the one shown below: two in the channel, two in the low marsh habitat, and two in the high marsh. The chamber is about two feet high so, as you might imagine, this chamber has been pushed into the ground. And that, my friend, has been the challenge of the week! We must use every bit of weight (human bodies and 2 sixty pound weights) plus muscle power to get these things in the ground. Each estuary and habitat is different so we never know what difficulty will await us. I’m always up for a physical challenge, though, being a runner!

expsetup

To give you an idea of the experiment, we fill the chamber with artificial seawater made up in the lab (a rather tedious process) that contains various concentrations of nutrients. Then, over a one hour time period we take water samples every twenty minutes that will be analyzed later to determine how much nutrients have been taken up. We measure a bunch of other things like temperature, salinity, water depth, and plant biomass. All of this data will be looked at later and we hope by the end of the summer to tell a story about how nutrient uptake in Oregon coast estuaries works.

My fellow intern and I have also designed our own experiments to carry out and did our first experiment on Friday in the marsh here in Yaquina Bay, behind the Oregon Coast Aquarium. She is looking at how the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorous affects uptake and I am going to see if temperature of the water plays a role. This involves carrying 14L of water in a large cooler of ice to the study location…another physical challenge!

Overall, I like this sort of research. I am enjoying being outside and getting to see great stretches of the Oregon coast and its various estuaries. The people in my field group are also great fun to work with. Below is a picture of me on the Tillamook River, headed to the marsh.

onboat

Some aspects of the fieldwork get stressful as you have to remember to do every tiny task or it will make the data worthless. With so much effort put into packing for fieldwork, getting to the field site (driving, hovercraft, and boat) and setting up the experiment (pounding the chamber in), one small mistake would make all that work pointless. For instance, on Monday, just after some of us had gotten to lab at 6AM to prepare and we were about to pull away at 8AM, my mentor, who is the primary investigator and calls all the shots on this project, found out that the water hadn’t been stored in the cooler overnight. He initially told us to scrap the whole field day, and I almost cried! However, someone had the brilliant idea to let the cubitainers of water incubate in the river before the experiment, which worked to keep the temperature down and all our work that morning did not go to waste.

Next week we work on our experiments two of the days and then travel to other estuaries the other two days. The 4th of July, our day off, my roommates and I plan to explore the tide pools since there is supposed to be record low tides that day.

Crab Butter

The beginning of anything new and exciting always seems to end up in a blur and last week at the Visitor Center was no exception.  What has struck me most since starting my internship is how much work goes on behind the scenes to make the doors open every day at 10am.  When I show up around 9:30 to turn on all the lights, the ball has already been rolling for a few hours for the aquarists.  Their job is to make sure all the tanks in the Visitor Center as well as in back are working properly.  Recently they have had issues with herring dying over night for some unknown reason.  I was able to work an aquarist and fish out the dead herring from an 8ft tank just before visitors started arriving.  It doesn’t sound like much but when you couple that with leaking shrimp displays, overflowing touch tanks, and whatever else the morning brings, it can be quite the adventure.  Troubleshooting these issues everyday really keeps the doors open to the public.

Last week was also a lot of firsts for me and the most interesting was definitely the estuary tour.  We (the VC interns) give estuary tours at 11am every day to whoever wants to go.  My first tour had an elderly husband and wife as well as a mother with her two kids.  It was pretty fun trying to juggle the interests of the kids and adults.  I ended up using the “slurp gun” to dig out some shrimp from the estuary to keep the kids fascinated and then explained more about how HMSC functions to the adults.  Overall it went really well and I think everyone had a pretty good time.

Lastly, the most interesting thing I found out this week wasn’t at the Visitor Center but actually up at Kelly’s Brighton Marina near Manzanita.  After catching and boiling a crab, I had the privilege of eating the heart of the crab as well as the crab butter.  The butter was comprised of all the liquified crab fat.  When the crab is done boiling, you flip is over, open the carapace, and voila you have crab butter.  It goes on anything!

 

Nick Pitz Week 2 blog

Monday was my first “day off” from the HMCS visitor center. During this time I busied myself with researching my project (looking up information on tsunamis, the Cascadia subduction zone, and tsunami proof buildings) and practicing the Ocean Quest presentation. This was also the first day all week that I finally got to sleep in.

Tuesday was the last official day of training. The interns attended two special lectures about waves and wave energy. We also attended a brown bag lunch with all of the REU students and learned a bit more about the sea turtle that washed ashore in Newport. Tuesday was the first day that we actually helped to close up the visitor center at 5 PM. Nearly all of the centers light switches are cleverly hidden from view (an therefore impossible to find at a glance).

Wednesday was my first official day at the visitor center. I showed up for at around 9:15AM to start turning things on. I quickly found myself  helping Mark Farley fill up the new tsunami tank. We also noticed that we seem to be having some mortalities with some of the herring in an exhibit, we still have no idea why this is happening. We also got a few more behind the scenes information learning about when and what the different animals get fed during the week.

On Thursday I gave my second estuary walk tour. Once again I found myself with only two people attending. I did my best. We made an interesting find in the mud flats when I uncovered a polychaete worm with the “slurp stick”. After the tour I returned to man the front desk at the visitor center. We helped to get the visitor center in order for the 1:00 octopus feeding which usually brings in more people. After the feeding we decided that it would be a fun idea to measure out the dimensions of the Japanese dock that had washed ashore on Agate beach. This would be helpful for giving visitors a better idea of the size of the dock.

On Friday we helped Mark Farley with the wave machine again. Our job was to “calculate” the ideal parameters that would give us the biggest waves without splashing and shorting out the machinery. We did this for most of the day, at one point I was using a small umbrella in order to protect our computer from splashes generated by the wave maker. After finishing the calculations we proceeded to knock down a small lego building with a “tsunami”. Later I helped Mark move one of the other wave tanks out to his truck so that he could take it for repairs.

On Saturday we got an unexpected surprise. Apparently Senator Ron Wyden was given a closed lecture in the Library about Tsunami debris. For the first 2 hours of the day we were helping to direct people to the library for the lecture. This turned out to be very time consuming. We also had another octopus feeding that day. I was charged with getting a photo of the octopus in the event that he attempted to squeeze through the small hole (which he didn’t). We also continued to have problems with moralities. This time we noticed several of the herring behaving strangely (swimming near the surface as though they could not control their buoyancy properly).  I suggested to McKenzie that we might try setting up a video camera over the night to observe what is actually going on with the fish. She thought that it was a good idea and is considering it. After closing up the visitor center I ran over to the Oregon Coast Aquarium to ask how the sea turtle was doing (as visitors keep asking). Apparently the turtle is doing better and they plan to eventually release it down in Monterrey Bay.

Will my voice ever be the same?

It’s only the second week and I’m already learning and being tested on so much information about not only the Oregon Coast, but also biology itself.  While mainly working the front desk this week at the Hatfield Marine Science visitor’s center, I talked to visitor’s constantly.  I welcome them, ask where they’re from, give them a 30 second tour of the visitor’s center, ask for a donation and then send them on they’re merry way.  I also work at the tide pool touch tank where I teach people to touch gently and actually what’s in the touch tank to begin with.  Lastly, my main job is to lead the estuary walk and give insight into what an estuary is and what happens there.  Does my job end there? NO! Lies completely!!! I get to do so much more!!! Not only do I get to work with marine education, I also get to work with the aquarists.  Already since I have been here I have done water quality tests on the “west wing” water, fixed problems with tanks in the visitor’s center and got to “de-leech” rock fish! Oh yeah! I have been walking around, helping visitor’s and learning more and more about Oregon from everyone around me.

I definitely had to face a few challenges this week, but they were mainly because of my left knee. Earlier in the summer I had torn part of my ACL, LCL, Meniscus and brusied the knee bone.  This left me needing an ACL derotation brace and I had to get it here. Too bad the nearest orthopedic and prosthesis place that takes my health insurance is in Corvallis! Thus, figuring out my work schedule to take days off and finding a way to get to corvallis was an interesting task all on its own.  Yet, it was all worth it because now I can move around with ease and feel much safer all around.

One of the main things that was completely new was touching our giant pacific octopus Squirt! It was awesome!!! He even almost came out of the tank, but we got him.  I got to interact with him and help him move through the circular hole that is placed between the front of the tank and the back of the tank.  It was amazing to see this creature move and interact with visitor’s all while learning about him and his tendencies. Yet, definitely one of the most amazing things that has happened to me so far is how welcomed I feel.  The volunteer’s, aquarists and my supervisors have all made me feel like I am one of the family and that I am completely worthy of working at the Hatfield Marine Science Center.  Next week that main things to face will be fixing exhibits, dealing with large groups coming to the visitor’s center all at once and becoming even more acquainted with the science behind the center.  Bring it on!

Crabs, clams, and shrimp (Oh my!)

The title pretty much explains the theme of the past week.

Most of my time was spent collecting, measuring, weighing, and tagging Dungeness and Red Rock crabs for an abundance/life history study. I worked with my mentor, Scott, and Sylvia, a researcher from OSU. We started Monday afternoon by deploying about a dozen crab traps throughout Charleston marina. Tuesday morning, the survey began. Aside from an occasional kelp crab, the traps contained only Dungeness and Red Rock crabs. We started by measuring and weighing the Dungeness crabs. We measured carapice width and then took their weight in grams. This information was later uploaded to a database so Scott could make continuing estimates of the size distribution and biomass of the crabs in the Charleston area. The Red Rock crabs were measured and weighed in the same manner as the Dungeness crabs but were then tagged as part of a mark-recapture study being conducted by Sylvia. As I recall, the tags were called “flow tags” and were attached to the crabs using a plastic “gun,” which had a needle that was inserted into the crab’s carapice at the molting seam. When the trigger was pulled, the tag was attached and hung off the crabs by a small plastic thread. Unfortunately I couldn’t get a photo, because the work was fairly wet, and we wanted to keep the pace up. I’ll try to upload a photo of the tagging this week. The tagging is believed to have no effect on the crabs’ mortality, because the needle is inserted into a hollow area of the carapice, but I think it would make for a cool study to confirm this. The tagging procedure was performed every day of the week, and we’ll be doing it again this Monday and Tuesday. We tagged over 200 rock crabs and measured/weighed over 500 crabs total. And to think I only got pinched once! This procedure provided an introduction to crab sampling and also got me started on my first in-depth work with databases.

At various times over the week I also measured and weighed pink shrimp as part of an abundance/size study. This work was conducted in the lab. Shrimp boat captains graciously provide us samples of their catch, which we measure and weigh to determine the most common size present. Measurements were taken using electronic calipers that were plugged into a laptop so the data were injected directly into a spreadsheet for later analysis.

Finally, this past Saturday was the Clamboree festival in nearby Empire, OR. Clamboree is a culinary festival celebrating……clams (and other shellfish as well). I helped staff the ODFW booth with Stacey and Cami from ODFW, Newport. We had much literature to pass out regarding shellfish identification and good crabbing/clamming locations around Coos Bay. We also had live specimens of gaper, butter, littleneck, cockle, and softshell clams, as well as a live Dungeness crab. These proved popular with everybody; especially the kids. I learned how to properly clean clams and some popular ways of preparing them for the table–chowders, fritters, steamers. Visitors to the booth readily shared tips and tricks for cooking clams. The only downer of the day was the weather: it was cool and rainy, and it definitely had a negative effect on festival attendance. We kept busy at our booth, though, and had a steady flow of visitors throughout the day.

Oh yeah, one last thing. Backtrack to Monday. The week actually started off with a staff meeting, via conference call, between various ODFW biologists and managers. I sat in on the meeting with Scott and Steve Rumrill, leader of the ODFW Shellfish Program. At one point during the meeting people took turns discussing what they had done/accomplished the previous week and what their plans were for the upcoming week. It was at this point that Scott had to excuse himself to take a call in his office. No big deal right? Well, turns out the Charleston office (where I’m interning) was first up. Steve talked some about what he was doing and then says something like “And now Eric will discuss what he and Scott have been working on.” Yikes! You mean I actually have to speak? Despite being caught off-guard, I think I did pretty well. I reported on our exploratory cockle study, beach seining, and GIS work and then spoke about the upcoming crab sampling. Steve was very reassuring and gave me the thumbs up when I finished. A bit nerve-wracking at first, but I actually felt pretty good when it was over.

I’ll leave you with some photos of crabs and clams and will try to upload some detailed photos of the tagging this week. I bid you peace.

 

 

At the ODFW booth. Clamboree! Empire, OR.

Our live specimens at Clamboree 2012.

Measuring a Dungeness crab.

 

 

to dredge or not to dredge?

… that was the question of the week. And I learned that it is a difficult question to answer.

Dredging is serious business… we had professional divers and everything. Basically there is a pump on a boat, a water intake tube, the dredge head (it sucks up the mud and clams and whatever), and a water discharge head that has the sample bag attached to it. It’s really hard to explain how it works and I don’t have a picture, but all you need to know is that the sediment gets sucked up and thrown out the back, into the mesh sample bag. The bag is later sorted to find the good stuff.

Here’s a picture of some of what we got out of our dredge samples. We found gaper clams, cockles, macoma clams, brittle stars, baby dungeness crabs, and olive snails.

We did subtidal dredging in Yaquina on both Wednesday and Thursday this week, but we only got to 30 of the 40 spots we wanted to sample. The weather and tides were not  cooperative, and the divers had to stop early both days (but we still worked over 8 hours each day!). The whole process really showed me how much the combination of tides and wind and weather can effect the boats and divers. The wind was strong enough to counteract the effect of the tides on the boat; but the outgoing tide was so strong that the divers couldn’t hold the dredge system in place. All of this totally threw off our plan to have a separate boat place anchors before we got to a site, because by the time the dredge boat got to the point, the winds and tide had changed enough to require the anchor to be reset.

So basically all day I was dropping and hauling in anchors and the dredge system. Even with gloves my hands were pretty sore from all that rope!

A little background on why we were dredging for clams in the first place:
Back in 2010 (… I think), the NOAA Pacific Fleet moved from WA to Newport. In order to keep all their giant research vessels here they had to build a huge dock, which disturbed a large area of subtidal clam habitat. My team is studying the long term effect of this disturbance and the recolonization rate of the Gaper clam in the area. This is the 3rd post-construction sampling of the area around the NOAA dock. We also are taking some samples in a subtidal area in Sally’s Bend, an area in Yaquina Bay unaffected by the NOAA dock that can be used as a comparison. This creates a BACI study: Before-After-Control-Impact.

Now we just have to determine when we’ll get our last 10 samples. But until then, I’ll just have to be content digging for more clams in the mud and beach flats this coming week.

~Maryna

 

Interacting with the Public

This week has been very interesting in the least. On Tuesday I had the opportunity to attend an ODF&W office meeting with all the department heads. For this meeting, my mentor, Melissa was trying to give people in her office more information on the community fishing profiles that the Marine Reserves department released. Melissa explained to a mostly biologist-filled audience how qualitative social science methods work and that they should be respected as a form of science. It was interesting, because you could tell that the biologists had a really hard time wrapping their heads around the idea of a report that included only text and quotes, and they kept asking for more numbers. For me this didn’t seem like an issue of right or wrong, but more of an issue of being right or left-brained and it was really rich to watch them try to compromise so that both groups could comprehend the information.

I also started doing pressure counts this week, through which I have learned a lot as well. Pressure counts involve a ton of driving, and take up most of the day, because I drive the width of the marine reserve/MPA at Cape Perpetua and make 10 stops, then repeat this three times per day. When I count people I also have to include their age, sex, and what kind of activity they are doing. In a trial run I quickly figured out that this can be very difficult when you have tour groups of 30 people coming through and I had to refine my methods a bit. So far the counts have gone smoothly and I am definitely enjoying the scenery, but not so much the driving time.

The biggest amusement so far for me has been the people that come up and interact with me. Although I dress in normal clothes, I don’t look very inconspicuous with a pair of binoculars and a clipboard. By the end of the day I end up feeling like a huge creeper. This is part of the reason why I don’t like to tell people what I am doing (Melissa also told me to keep it very vague, because this is such a controversial issue). I started trying to explain it at first, but by the end I gave up and just nodded whenever people asked me if I was doing a specific job. I mean what I am I supposed to say when someone comes up and asks me if I am counting seals…..No… I am counting you? Creeper status. So as of right now people think I am counting fish, seals, cleaning up the beach, and watching for Tsunami debris. Speaking of which, I found a float from the tsunami covered in invasive mussels and they were some of the strangest organisms I have ever seen. I also had a conversation with an elderly man, who told me that he was on the lookout for a boat coming in from the tsunami. I told him about the float and the invasive mussels, and he responded with, “I always knew Japan would invade us eventually.” Oh dear! Then he started launching into some World War II stories. I think this helped prepare me a little better for some of the things I might hear when I conduct interviews with people visiting the marine reserve next week. Melissa trained/prepared me really well to give straight and unbiased interviews, but you never know what someone is going to say to through you off…Nevertheless I am sure I will have some good stories for next week.

What a whirlwind week!

My brain feels as though it may just shut down from information overload, but I have been totally having a blast!  I’ve taken tons of notes and pictures and written a couple of posts on my personal blog where you can see some of said pictures: BioGeoNerd.blogspot.com.

I have really enjoyed the hands on training we’ve had this week.  The other 3 visitor center interns and I spent Tuesday morning gleaning knowledge from estuary experts.  We got to tromp around on the mud flats, where we dug up ghost shrimp and mud shrimp, explored many crab species, and even found a nice sized polychaete.  We got to take a first hand look at the isopod parasites that are plaguing the mud shrimp.  Dr. Chapman was an excellent guide to discuss these important invasive species issues with us.  As far as the estuary, we learned from a great power point presentation and also had the opportunity to go on the tour given by 3 different presenters so we can witness a variety of styles.  We are going two more times over the weekend and this time the public will go along.  We are encouraged to create our own style and realize that every estuary tour is different!  I’m really excited to begin presenting these tours.  I won’t have the responsibility to run these tours on a regular basis like the other 3 interns will, but I hope to be able to do it as frequently as anyone will let me!

Some of the other great hands-on trainings we’ve had were going to the tide pools at Yaquina Head where we found many creatures of interest, particularly (for me) a sunflower sea star and gumboot chiton (the largest chiton in the world), and doing many tours by various experts who graciously gave of their time.  Tim took us on a salt water tour to see where the water is pumped in from the bay at high tide, filtered and sent around the center, and later filtered again and treated before going back to the bay.  I learned about the water treatment methods last year in Environmental Management so it was awesome to see sand filters, settling tanks, and my personal favorite- the pig, first-hand.  Kaety educated us on fisheries.  The aquarists gave us a wealth of information by showing us all the animals on display in the visitor center, and showing us things in the back including how they sedate a fish to work on them (they were removing leaches from a rock fish), and the highlight of the week for me was seeing the Giant Pacific Octopus and getting to let her grab on to my fingers.

Another program I will get to help with in the visitor center is the Ocean Quest presentation.  This showcases Dr. Hanshumaker’s work with the Axial Seamount.  This is an undersea volcano at the Pacific/ Juan de Fuca plate boundary where the ocean floor is thin and spreading.  This presentation educates the public on plate tectonics, volcanism on land and under the sea, and various equipment used to measure seismic indicators such as gas emissions and ground deformation.  As with the estuary walk, I’m excited to give this presentation and hope to be able to do so as often as possible.

The most challenging thing this week was processing all the information I received.  I usually “digest” info by going through my notes and blogging about it to reduce the amount of info into a cohesive unit.  I haven’t completed half of what I’d like to with the notes I collected this week.  I hope to get caught up in the next few days.

Next week I will hopefully be able to lead the estuary walk and continue preparing for the Ocean Quest presentation, and will go through some training on wave energy.  I will also be spending a great deal of time in the library doing research on my project, which is to create the plans for a climate change exhibit for the visitor center.

So far I completely love it here at Hatfield and I am super excited for my internship.  This week has been a wicked kickoff with some experiences I will never forget!

Wait, it rains here?

Another Hatfield adventure began for me last Monday, this time as an Oregon Sea Grant Summer Scholar.  I am working at the HMSC visitor center under the mentorship of Bill Hanshumaker, a marine education specialist whose passion is free choice learning.  I forgot to post on the blog last night (oops) but now I have the unique opportunity among the other interns at the visitor center to talk about the first day of actual work on the floor.

Among the eclectic duties as a visitor center intern, by far my favorite today was showing kids the touch tank.  Some were pretty frightened of touching the urchins and the anemones and others didn’t even blink an eye and just went for it.  It was very entertaining to watch.  Last spring I took a series of classes out at HMSC all about marine biology so I thought I had pretty good grasp of the touch tanks.  I learned very quickly that people know how to ask difficult questions that my classes did not prepare me for.  All the better…I like being kept on my toes.

I am looking forward to giving estuary walks and presenting on deep sea volcanic activity in the upcoming weeks, as well as anything else that I can do to help out around HMSC.

 

The journey begins

Well, actually my summer internship with Oregon Sea Grant and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) began last Wednesday. I arrived here at the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology (OIMB) in Charleston, OR and barely got settled in before meeting my mentor, ODFW shellfish biologist Scott Groth, and starting in with fieldwork.

At this point allow me to call your attention to the Oregon Sea Grant “Meet the Scholars” webpage. There you can find out a little bit more about me, my fellow interns, and the projects we’ll be working on throughout the summer.

Although my internship is centered on shellfish, my first task was to assist the ODFW fish biologist with shore seining efforts. We worked in a team of four and seined five locations in the south slough of Coos Bay over a three-hour period. We were seining for salmonids as part of a population study conducted by the fish biologist, but many species turned up in the net: flounders, sculpins, gunnels, surf smelts, surfperch, jellyfish, dungeness crabs—it had all the makings for a chowder! We sorted out all the salmonids and took length measurements before returning them to the slough. I learned to tell the difference between an english sole and a sand sole and got my first experience in shore seining. It was pretty cool.

The next day Scott and I traveled out into the south slough and took some preliminary measurements for the heart cockle study. Our goal was to set some points via GPS that would serve to outline the boundaries for the survey area. We encountered some areas of soft mud, and it was then that I learned than I’m “a sinker” as opposed to “a floater.” Darn! Well, it made things a bit more challenging, but far from impossible. If nothing else I know I’ll be getting a good workout trudging through the mudflats this summer. We encountered a friendly cockle harvester who was quite willing to let us take some measurements of his catch. I got some experience using digital calipers and measuring cockle shells. Other new experiences included my first introduction to ArcGIS, maintenance of outboard motors, and cockle harvesting techniques—basically you just drag a rake through the mud, and out they pop.

This coming week our focus is shifting to the tagging of red crabs. What variety! Stay tuned…..more to come!