{"id":10746,"date":"2019-01-28T10:34:34","date_gmt":"2019-01-28T18:34:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/impact\/?p=10746"},"modified":"2019-09-06T08:57:02","modified_gmt":"2019-09-06T15:57:02","slug":"proton-transport-highway-may-pave-way-to-better-high-power-batteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.blogs.oregonstate.edu\/impact\/2019\/01\/proton-transport-highway-may-pave-way-to-better-high-power-batteries\/","title":{"rendered":"Proton transport ‘highway’ may pave way to better high-power batteries"},"content":{"rendered":"

Researchers at Oregon State University have found that a chemical mechanism first described more than two centuries ago holds the potential to revolutionize energy storage for high-power applications like vehicles or electrical grids.<\/p>\n

The research team led by Xiulei (David) Ji<\/a>, associate professor in the Department of Chemistry, \u00a0along with collaborators at the Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California Riverside, and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, are the first to demonstrate that diffusion may not be necessary to transport ionic charges inside a hydrated solid-state structure of a battery electrode.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis discovery potentially will shift the whole paradigm of high-power electrochemical energy storage with new design principles for electrodes,\u201d said Xianyong Wu, a postdoctoral scholar at OSU and the first author of the article.<\/p>\n

Findings<\/a> were published today in Nature Energy.<\/p>\n

\u201cComing up with Faradaic electrodes that afford battery\u2019s energy density and capacitor\u2019s power with excellent cycle life has been a big challenge,\u201d said Ji, associate professor of chemistry. \u201cSo far, most of the attention has been devoted to metal ions \u2013 starting with lithium and looking down the periodic table.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"OSU<\/a>

Grotthuss mechanism<\/p><\/div>\n

The collaborative team, however, looked up \u2013 to the single proton of hydrogen \u2013 and they also looked back in time, to Theodor von Grotthuss, a German-born Lithuanian chemist who in 1806 penned the theory on charge transport in electrolytes.<\/p>\n

Von Grotthuss<\/a> was just 20, and living in a region beset with political upheaval, when he published \u201cMemoir on the decomposition of water and of the bodies that it holds in solution by means of galvanic electricity\u201d\u00a0in a French scientific journal.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn the turmoil of his time and place, he managed to make this big discovery,\u201d Ji said. \u201cHe was the earliest to figure out how electrolyte works, and he described what\u2019s now known as the Grotthuss mechanism<\/a>: proton transferred by cooperative cleavage and formation of hydrogen bonds and O-H covalent bonds within the hydrogen-bonding network of water molecules.\u201d<\/p>\n

Here\u2019s how it works: Electrical charge is conducted when a hydrogen atom bridging two water molecules \u201cswitches its allegiance\u201d from one molecule to the other, Wu explains.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe switch kicks disjointed one of the hydrogen atoms that was covalently bonded in the second molecule, triggering a chain of similar displacements throughout the hydrogen-bonding network,\u201d he said. \u201cThe motion is like a Newton\u2019s cradle: Correlated local displacements lead to the long-range transport of protons, which is very different from metal-ion conduction in liquid electrolytes, where solvated ions diffuse long distances individually in the vehicular manner.\u201d<\/p>\n

Added Ji: \u201cThe cooperative vibrations of hydrogen bonding and hydrogen-oxygen covalent bonds virtually hand off a proton from one end of a chain of water molecules to the other end with no mass transfer inside the water chain.\u201d<\/p>\n

Read the complete article<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Chemist Xiulei (David) Ji and his team have found that a chemical mechanism first described more than two centuries ago can revolutionize energy storage.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6617,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[640793,1507,1168292,97217,841525,523],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ch","category-faculty-and-staff","category-fall-2019","category-materials-science","category-press-releases","category-research"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6vHeb-2Nk","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3149,"url":"https:\/\/dev.blogs.oregonstate.edu\/impact\/2016\/02\/osu-chemistry-professor-receives-nsf-career-award\/","url_meta":{"origin":10746,"position":0},"title":"Chemistry 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